Difference between revisions of "Botany Baymen"

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=Tonnage=
 
=Tonnage=
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The average tonnage was 441 tons. However, this included a small number of very large ships. Excluding the 10 largest ships, the average was 375 tons.
 
The average tonnage was 441 tons. However, this included a small number of very large ships. Excluding the 10 largest ships, the average was 375 tons.
−
 
  
 
The ten largest ships (taking each voyage as a separate ship) were – ''Royal Admiral'' 923 (2) and 914 (2); ''Neptune'', 799; ''Barwell'', 796; Earl ''Cornwallis'', 784; ''Hillsborough'', 781; ''Pitt'', 775; ''Marquis Cornwallis'' (1) & (2), 654; ''Ganges'' (600).
 
The ten largest ships (taking each voyage as a separate ship) were – ''Royal Admiral'' 923 (2) and 914 (2); ''Neptune'', 799; ''Barwell'', 796; Earl ''Cornwallis'', 784; ''Hillsborough'', 781; ''Pitt'', 775; ''Marquis Cornwallis'' (1) & (2), 654; ''Ganges'' (600).
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The five smallest were: ''Friendship'' (1), 278; ''Prince of Wales'' (2), 279; ''Britannia'' (2), 296; ''Mary Ann'', 298; Britannia (1), 301.
 
The five smallest were: ''Friendship'' (1), 278; ''Prince of Wales'' (2), 279; ''Britannia'' (2), 296; ''Mary Ann'', 298; Britannia (1), 301.
−
 
  
 
Four (7%) ships were less than 300 tons; 28 (47%) were 301-400 tons; 14 (24%) were 401-500 tons; 4 (7%) were 501-600 tons and 9 (16%) were 601 tons or more. Three ships of more than 600 tons were employed in 1790-1792, at the time that the Navy Board were attempting to use East Indiamen. With this exception, the use of larger ships (600+ tons) does not emerge until the end of our period – 1795.
 
Four (7%) ships were less than 300 tons; 28 (47%) were 301-400 tons; 14 (24%) were 401-500 tons; 4 (7%) were 501-600 tons and 9 (16%) were 601 tons or more. Three ships of more than 600 tons were employed in 1790-1792, at the time that the Navy Board were attempting to use East Indiamen. With this exception, the use of larger ships (600+ tons) does not emerge until the end of our period – 1795.
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The average tonnage of the convict ships was 481 tons. That of the storeships was 364 tons. The ships taken up by the East India Company was 493 tons, and the whalers was 366 tons.
 
The average tonnage of the convict ships was 481 tons. That of the storeships was 364 tons. The ships taken up by the East India Company was 493 tons, and the whalers was 366 tons.
−
 
  
 
Two of the three very large ships used in the early period – the ''Neptune'' and the ''Pitt'' – resulted in some of the worst outcomes.
 
Two of the three very large ships used in the early period – the ''Neptune'' and the ''Pitt'' – resulted in some of the worst outcomes.
−
 
  
 
The average of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 355 tons, on the Second Fleet, 543 tons (although heavily skewed by the Neptune) and the Third Fleet, 396 tons.
 
The average of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 355 tons, on the Second Fleet, 543 tons (although heavily skewed by the Neptune) and the Third Fleet, 396 tons.
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<center>[[Image:Tonnage of Botany Baymen.png]]</center>
 
<center>[[Image:Tonnage of Botany Baymen.png]]</center>
−
 
  
 
=Size=
 
=Size=

Revision as of 03:57, 11 March 2016

Botany Baymen - Profile

Ship
Convicts
Date Sailed
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Age
Decks/
Masts
Dimensions
Crew
Where Built
First Fleet
1. Alexander 195 male 13 May 1787
452
3 years
2 decks, 3 masts
114’4” x 31’
19/6 (Pass)
33 (List of the sick in Macassar Strait)
27 (Banks)
27 (G’wich 6d)
 Hull NE
2. Lady Penrhyn 101 female 13 May 1787
322
New
2 decks, 3 masts
103’9” x 27’5”
19/6 (Pass)
20 – Botany Bay & 30 - China (G’wich 6d)
 Thames
3. Scarborough (1) 208 male 13 May 1787
411
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
27/8 (Pass)
25 – Botany Bay & 23 - India (G’wich 6d)
 Scarborough NE
4. Friendship 76 male, 21 female 13 May 1787
278
2 years
2 decks, 2 masts
?
(abt.90’ x 25’)
13/4 (Pass)
15 (Macassar Strait)
17 (G’wich 6d)
Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte 88 male, 20 female 13 May 1787
338
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’ x 28’3”
23/7 (Pass)
11 – Botany Bay & 28 - India (G’wich 6d)
 Thames
6. Prince of Wales 1 male, 49 female 13 May 1787
318
New
2 decks, 3 masts
103’ x 29’3”
17/5 (Pass)
20 (G’wich 6d)
 Thames
7. Fishburn Stores 13 May 1787
349
6 years
?
?
17 (Pass)
17 (Log on 20.10.88)
28 (VOC at CGH)
22 (G’wich 6d)
 Whitby NE
8. Borrowdale Stores 13 May 1787
263
1 year
?
?
13/4 (Pass)
17 (G’wich 6d)
24 (VOC at CGH)
 Sunderland NE



9. Golden Grove Stores 13 May 1787
321
6 years
3
?
15/5 (Pass)
27 (VOC at CGH)
20 (G’wich 6d)
 Whitby NE



Sirius NA 13 May 1787
Supply NA 13 May 1787
10. Lady Juliana 226 female Plymouth – 29 July 1789
401
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’ x 29’3”
Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4”
Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”
21/7 (pass)
32 – Botany Bay
30 – China (G’wich 6d)
 Whitby NE
Guardian 25 male 8 September 1789
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1) 256 male 17 January 1790
402
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
Measurage - 72’8” x 27’
30/10 (pass)
25 (G’wich 6d)
 Shoreham SE
12. Neptune 424 male

78 female

17 January 1790
799
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
156’3” x 36’
Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”
27/9 (pass)
48 – To China
65 – China (Greenwich 6d)
 Thames
13. Scarborough (2) 259 male 17 January 1790
429
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”
26/8 (pass)
28 – Botany Bay
34 – China (G’wich 6d)
 Scarborough NE
14. Justinian Stores 17 January 1790
379
3 years
3 decks, 3 masts
118’8” x 29’
Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”
27/9 (pass)
36 - China (G’wich 6d)
 Thames
Gorgon NA 15 March 1791
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann 150 female 16 February 1791
298
19 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’6” x 26’10”
18/5 (pass)
 France
16. Atlantic 220 male 27 March 1791
422
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
114’8” x 30’6”
20/6 (pass)
34 men in 1796 LoM
 Swansea
17. Salamander (1) 160 male 27 March 1791
319
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
18/6 (pass)
 Thames
18. William and Ann 188 male 27 March 1791
376
32 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’9” x 27’ 3”
17/5 (pass)
 Thames
19. Active 175 male 27 March 1791
350
27 years
?
?
15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)
 Shoreham SE
20. Albemarle 282 male 27 March 1791
520
12 years
3 decks, 3 masts
131’6” x 31’8”
42/13 (pass)
 France
21. Admiral Barrington 300 male 27 March 1791
527
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
128’ x 32’6”
45/15 (pass)
 France
22. Britannia (1) 150 male 27 March 1791
301
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
15/5 (pass)
 Bridport, SW
23. Matilda 230 male 27 March 1791
459
12 years
3 decks, 3 masts
124’9” x 30’
20/6 (pass)
25
 France
24. Queen 133 male, 22 female 16 April 1791
387
18 years
3 decks, 3 masts
112’4” x 30’3”
20/6 (pass)
25 (LoM on return)
 Georgia, USA
25. Pitt 352 male, 58 female 17 July 1791
775
11 years
3 decks, 3 masts
152’ x 35’2”
53/17 (pass)
70 (LoM)
 Thames
26. Britannia (2) Stores 15 Feb 1792
296
9 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’5” x 26’11”
18/5 (pass)
27 (LoM)
 Sunderland, NE
27. Royal Admiral (1) 299 male, 49 female 25 May 1792
914
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’4”
Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
83/27 (pass)
95
 Thames
28. Kitty 10 male, 30 female 6 April 1792
359
5 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’ x 28’2”
18/6 (pass)
22, including 4 boys on her return
 Sunderland NE
29. Bellona 17 female 8 August 1792
472
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
122’6” x 31’
27/9 (pass)
30
 Thames
30. Boddington 125 male, 20 female Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793
331
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’8” x 27’8”
18/6 (pass)
21 plus 3 boys?
 Thames
31. Sugar Cane 110 male, 50 female Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793
373
7 years
3 decks, 3 masts
115’ x 28’9”
34-40
 Thames
32. William Stores 20 September 1793
302
23 years
2 decks, 3 masts
98’8” x 27’8”
17/5 (pass)
c.20
 France
33. Indispensable (1) Stores Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793
351
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”
6/19 (pass)
20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)
 France
34. Speedy (1) Stores 26 December 1793
313
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/16 (pass)
 Thames
35. Resolution Stores Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794
317
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’8” x 27’4”
6/17 (pass)
[30 men in 1798 LoM]
 Liverpool
36. Salamander (2) Stores 20 March 1794
319
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
6/18 (pass)
30
 Thames
37. Surprize (2) 23 male, 60 female Sailed – 2 May 1794
402
24 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
7/19 (pass)
c.25 plus boys
(LoM – 24)
 Shoreham, SE
38. Young William Stores Sailed - 25 May 1795
443
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
113’ x 30’10”
Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”
10/30 (pass)
32 men and 9 boys for EIC
 Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign Stores From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795
357
20 years
?
?
24 (and in LOM)
6/18 (pass)
 Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres Stores 9 August 1795
455
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
111’ x 31’5”
Measurage – 74’5” x 28’
32 men, 10 boys (protection from impress)
10/30 (pass)
 Whitby, NE
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1) 163 male, 70 female 7 August 1795
654
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
136’6” x 34’6”
40 men, 10 boys (ADM1/3730/176)
47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)
 Calcutta
42. Indispensable (2) 133 female Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795
351
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’5” x 27’
20 or 46 on return including working passengers
 France
43. Prince of Wales (2) Stores Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796
279
7 years
?
Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”
7/19 (pass)
 Hull, NE
44. Sylph Stores Sailed - 27 June 1796
328
5 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’2” x 27’10”
Measurage – 70’3” x 24’
28. Register of passes – 8/22.
But 20 on the way home?
 Whitby, NE
45. Ganges 203 male Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796
600
4 years
?
?
80 (LoM)
 India
46. Britannia (3) 144 male, 44 female 10 December 1796
500
22 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 33’4”
Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”
60 (LoM) (15/45 pass);
32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans
 Bombay
47. Lady Shore 2 male, 66 female 8 June 1797
482
3 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’9” x 32’5”
35 (LoM)
 Calcutta
48. Barwell 296 male Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797
796
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’3” x 34’10”
25/75 (1795 pass)
99?
 Thames
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2) Stores 17 February 1798
654
7 years
2 decks, 3 masts
136’6” x 34’6”
47
 Calcutta
50. Britannia (4) 96 females 17 February 1798
301
15 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
5/15 (pass)
25 (LoM)
24
 Bridport, SW
HMS Buffalo NA 9 June 1798
51. Hillsborough 300 male Sailed 20 December 1798
781
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
155’ x 35’
19/57 (pass)
75 (LoM)
72 (Noah)
 Thames
52. Albion Stores About 14 March 1799
362
New
2 decks, 3 masts
108’6” x 27’8”
7/19 (pass)
 Thames
53. Walker Stores 18 June 1799
357
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
110’6” x 27’2”
7/21 (pass)
25 or 28 (LoM)
 Thames
54. Minerva 165 male, 26 female Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799
558
13+ years
2 decks, 3 masts
118’6” x 33’5”
42;
9/27 (pass);
25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return
 Bombay
55. Friendship (2) 133 male 24 August 1799
430
6 years
3 decks, 3 masts
120’6” x 28’6”
7/18 (pass)
50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)
 Thames
56. Speedy (2) 53 female Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799
313
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/17 (pass)
24
 Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2) 300 male Sailed - 23 May 1800
923
23 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’6”
Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
20/56 (pass)
76 (LoM)
 Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna) 147 male, 24 female Left Cork – 26 June 1800
384
20+ years[1]
?
?
42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20
 Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis 193 male, 95 female 18 November 1800
784
17 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’6” x 34’6”
64
 Thames

Measurage was undertaken in Canton for the purposes of assessing port charges etc. It was measured in coveds, which appear to have equated to around 14.1 inches (resulting in 1.175 feet to the coved). However, it appears that the inside capacity of the ship was measured and not its outer dimensions, and of course, the ratios of internal to external measurement differed from ship to ship. Based on the Neptune, the ratio was 1.17:1 and 1.13:1 (length and breadth), however, the Scarborough was 1.37 and 1.2 and the Justinian 1.23 and 1.11. Thus it is not possible to reliably convert from measurage to the external dimensions of the ships.


Convict Transports

(ships with fewer than 50 convicts treated as a storeship)

Ship
Convicts
Date Sailed
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Age
Decks/
Masts
Dimensions
Crew
Where Built
First Fleet
1. Alexander 195 male 13 May 1787
444
3 years
2 decks, 3 masts
114’4” x 31’
19/6 (Pass)
 Hull NE
2. Lady Penrhyn 101 female 13 May 1787
322
New
2 decks, 3 masts
103’9” x 27’5”
19/6 (Pass)
 Thames
3. Scarborough (1) 208 male 13 May 1787
429
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
27/8 (Pass)
 Scarborough NE
4. Friendship 76 male, 21 female 13 May 1787
278
2 years
?
?
13/4 (Pass)
 Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte 88 male, 20 female 13 May 1787
338
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’ x 28’3”
23/7 (Pass)
 Thames
6. Prince of Wales 1 male, 49 female 13 May 1787
318
New
2 decks, 3 masts
103’ x 29’3”
17/5 (Pass)
 Thames
10. Lady Juliana 226 female Plymouth – 29 July 1789
401
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’ x 29’3”
Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4”
Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”
21/7 (pass)
 Whitby NE
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1) 256 male 17 January 1790
402
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
Measurage - 72’8” x 27’
30/10 (pass)
 Shoreham SE
12. Neptune 424 male

78 female

17 January 1790
799
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
156’3” x 36’
Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”
27/9 (pass)
 Thames
13. Scarborough (2) 259 male 17 January 1790
429
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”
26/8 (pass)
 Scarborough NE
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann 150 female 16 February 1791
298
19 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’6” x 26’10”
18/5 (pass)
 France
16. Atlantic 220 male 27 March 1791
422
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
114’8” x 30’6”
20/6 (pass)
34 men in 1796 LoM
 Swansea
17. Salamander (1) 160 male 27 March 1791
319
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
18/6 (pass)
 Thames
18. William and Ann 188 male 27 March 1791
376
32 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’9” x 27’ 3”
17/5 (pass)
 Thames
19. Active 175 male 27 March 1791
350
27 years
?
?
15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)
 Shoreham SE
20. Albemarle 282 male 27 March 1791
520
12 years
3 decks, 3 masts
131’6” x 31’8”
42/13 (pass)
 France
21. Admiral Barrington 300 male 27 March 1791
527
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
128’ x 32’6”
45/15 (pass)
 France
22. Britannia (1) 150 male 27 March 1791
301
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
15/5 (pass)
 Bridport, SW
23. Matilda 230 male 27 March 1791
459
12 years
3 decks, 3 masts
124’9” x 30’
20/6 (pass)
25
 France
24. Queen 133 male, 22 female 16 April 1791
387
18 years
3 decks, 3 masts
112’4” x 30’3”
20/6 (pass)
25 (LoM on return)
 Georgia, USA
25. Pitt 352 male, 58 female 17 July 1791
775
11 years
3 decks, 3 masts
152’ x 35’2”
53/17 (pass)
70 (LoM)
 Thames
27. Royal Admiral (1) 299 male, 49 female 25 May 1792
914
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’4”
Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
83/27 (pass)
95
 Thames
30. Boddington 125 male, 20 female Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793
331
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’8” x 27’8”
18/6 (pass)
21 plus 3 boys?
 Thames
31. Sugar Cane 110 male, 50 female Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793
373
7 years
3 decks, 3 masts
115’ x 28’9”
34-40
 Thames
37. Surprize (2) 23 male, 60 female Sailed – 2 May 1794
402
24 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
Measurage - 72’8” x 27’
7/19 (pass)
c.25 plus boys
(LoM – 24)
 Shoreham, SE
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1) 163 male, 70 female 7 August 1795
654
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
136’6” x 34’6”
47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)
 Calcutta
42. Indispensable (2) 133 female Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795
351
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’5” x 27’
20 or 46 on return including working passengers
 France
45. Ganges 203 male Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796
600
4 years
?
?
80 (LoM)
 India
46. Britannia (3) 144 male, 44 female 10 December 1796
500
22 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 33’4”
Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”
60 (LoM) (15/45 pass);
32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans
 Bombay
47. Lady Shore 2 male, 66 female 8 June 1797
482
3 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’9” x 32’5”
35 (LoM)
 Calcutta
48. Barwell 296 male Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797
796
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’3” x 34’10”
25/75 (1795 pass)
99?
 Thames
50. Britannia (4) 96 females 17 February 1798
301
15 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
5/15 (pass)
25 (LoM)
24
 Bridport, SW
51. Hillsborough 300 male Sailed 20 December 1798
781
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
155’ x 35’
19/57 (pass)
75 (LoM)
 Thames
54. Minerva 165 male, 26 female Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799
558
13+ years
2 decks, 3 masts
118’6” x 33’5”
42;
9/27 (pass);
25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return
 Bombay
55. Friendship (2) 133 male 24 August 1799
430
6 years
3 decks, 3 masts
120’6” x 28’6”
7/18 (pass)
50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)
 Thames
56. Speedy (2) 53 female Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799
313
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/17 (pass)
24
 Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2) 300 male Sailed - 23 May 1800
923
23 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’6”
Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
20/56 (pass)
76 (LoM)
 Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna) 147 male, 24 female Left Cork – 26 June 1800
384
20+
?
?
42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20
 Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis 193 male, 95 female 18 November 1800
784
17 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’6” x 34’6”
64
 Thames

Storeships

Ship
Convicts
Date Sailed
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Age
Decks/
Masts
Dimensions
Crew
Where Built
First Fleet
7. Fishburn Stores 13 May 1787
349
6 years
?
?
17 (Pass)
 Whitby NE
8. Borrowdale Stores 13 May 1787
263
1 year
?
?
13/4 (Pass)
 Sunderland NE



9. Golden Grove Stores 13 May 1787
321
6 years
3
?
15/5 (Pass)
 Whitby NE



Second Fleet
14. Justinian Stores 17 January 1790
379
3 years
3 decks, 3 masts
118’8” x 29’
Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”
27/9 (pass)
 Thames
26. Britannia (2) Stores 15 Feb 1792
296
9 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’5” x 26’11”
18/5 (pass)
27 (LoM)
 Sunderland, NE
28. Kitty 10 male, 30 female 6 April 1792
359
5 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’ x 28’2”
18/6 (pass)
22, including 4 boys on her return
 Sunderland NE
29. Bellona 17 female 8 August 1792
472
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
122’6” x 31’
27/9 (pass)
30
 Thames
32. William Stores 20 September 1793
302
23 years
2 decks, 3 masts
98’8” x 27’8”
17/5 (pass)
c.20
 France
33. Indispensable (1) Stores Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793
351
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”
6/19 (pass)
20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)
 France
34. Speedy (1) Stores 26 December 1793
313
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/16 (pass)
 Thames
35. Resolution Stores Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794
317
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’8” x 27’4”
6/17 (pass)
[30 men in 1798 LoM]
 Liverpool
36. Salamander (2) Stores 20 March 1794
319
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
6/18 (pass)
30
 Thames
38. Young William Stores Sailed - 25 May 1795
443
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
113’ x 30’10”
Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”
10/30 (pass)
32 men and 9 boys for EIC
 Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign Stores From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795
357
20 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’ x 29’6”
24 (and in LOM)
6/18 (pass)
 Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres Stores 9 August 1795
455
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
111’ x 31’5”
Measurage – 74’5” x 28’
10/30 (pass)
 Whitby, NE
43. Prince of Wales (2) Stores Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796
279
7 years
?
Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”
7/19 (pass)
 Hull, NE
44. Sylph Stores Sailed - 27 June 1796
328
5 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’2” x 27’10”
Measurage – 70’3” x 24’
28. Register of passes – 8/22.
But 20 on the way home?
 Whitby, NE
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2) Stores 17 February 1798
654
7 years
2 decks, 3 masts
136’6” x 34’6”
47
 Calcutta
52. Albion Stores About 14 March 1799
362
New
2 decks, 3 masts
108’6” x 27’8”
7/19 (pass)
 Thames
53. Walker Stores 18 June 1799
357
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
110’6” x 27’2”
7/21 (pass)
25 or 28 (LoM)
 Thames

East India Ships

Ship
Convicts
Date Sailed
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Age
Decks/
Masts
Dimensions
Crew
Where Built
First Fleet
2. Lady Penrhyn 101 female 13 May 1787
322
New
2 decks, 3 masts
103’9” x 27’5”
19/6 (Pass)
 Thames
3. Scarborough (1) 208 male 13 May 1787
429
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
27/8 (Pass)
 Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte 88 male, 20 female 13 May 1787
338
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’ x 28’3”
23/7 (Pass)
 Thames
10. Lady Juliana 226 female Plymouth – 29 July 1789
401
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’ x 29’3”
Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4”
Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”
21/7 (pass)
 Whitby NE
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1) 256 male 17 January 1790
402
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
Measurage - 72’8” x 27’
30/10 (pass)
 Shoreham SE
12. Neptune 424 male

78 female

17 January 1790
799
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
156’3” x 36’
Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”
27/9 (pass)
 Thames
13. Scarborough (2) 259 male 17 January 1790
429
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 30’2”
Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”
26/8 (pass)
 Scarborough NE
14. Justinian Stores 17 January 1790
379
3 years
3 decks, 3 masts
118’8” x 29’
Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”
27/9 (pass)
 Thames
25. Pitt 352 male, 58 female 17 July 1791
775
11 years
3 decks, 3 masts
152’ x 35’2”
53/17 (pass)
70 (LoM)
 Thames
27. Royal Admiral (1) 299 male, 49 female 25 May 1792
914
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’4”
Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
83/27 (pass)
95
 Thames
29. Bellona 17 female 8 August 1792
472
10 years
3 decks, 3 masts
122’6” x 31’
27/9 (pass)
30
 Thames
30. Boddington 125 male, 20 female Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793
331
12 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’8” x 27’8”
18/6 (pass)
21 plus 3 boys?
 Thames
31. Sugar Cane 110 male, 50 female Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793
373
7 years
3 decks, 3 masts
115’ x 28’9”
34-40
 Thames
33. Indispensable (1) Stores Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793
351
2 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”
6/19 (pass)
20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)
 France
37. Surprize (2) 23 male, 60 female Sailed – 2 May 1794
402
24 years
3 decks, 3 masts
116’ x 29’
Measurage - 72’8” x 27’
7/19 (pass)
c.25 plus boys
(LoM – 24)
 Shoreham, SE
38. Young William Stores Sailed - 25 May 1795
443
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
113’ x 30’10”
Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”
10/30 (pass)
32 men and 9 boys for EIC
 Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign Stores From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795
357
20 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’ x 29’6”
24 (and in LOM)
6/18 (pass)
 Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres Stores 9 August 1795
455
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
111’ x 31’5”
Measurage – 74’5” x 28’
10/30 (pass)
 Whitby, NE
42. Indispensable (2) 133 female Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795
351
4 years
2 decks, 3 masts
104’9” x 28’4”
Measurage – 71’5” x 27’
20 or 46 on return including working passengers
 France
43. Prince of Wales (2) Stores Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796
279
7 years
?
Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”
7/19 (pass)
 Hull, NE
44. Sylph Stores Sailed - 27 June 1796
328
5 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’2” x 27’10”
Measurage – 70’3” x 24’
28. Register of passes – 8/22.
But 20 on the way home?
 Whitby, NE
45. Ganges 203 male Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796
600
4 years
?
?
80 (LoM)
 India
46. Britannia (3) 144 male, 44 female 10 December 1796
500
22 years
2 decks, 3 masts
111’6” x 33’4”
Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”
60 (LoM) (15/45 pass);
32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans
 Bombay
47. Lady Shore 2 male, 66 female 8 June 1797
482
3 years
2 decks, 3 masts
105’9” x 32’5”
35 (LoM)
 Calcutta
48. Barwell 296 male Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797
796
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’3” x 34’10”
25/75 (1795 pass)
99?
 Thames
54. Minerva 165 male, 26 female Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799
558
13+ years
2 decks, 3 masts
118’6” x 33’5”
42;
9/27 (pass);
25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return
 Bombay
55. Friendship (2) 133 male 24 August 1799
430
6 years
3 decks, 3 masts
120’6” x 28’6”
7/18 (pass)
50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)
 Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2) 300 male Sailed - 23 May 1800
923
23 years
3 decks, 3 masts
161’ x 37’6”
Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”
20/56 (pass)
76 (LoM)
 Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna) 147 male, 24 female Left Cork – 26 June 1800
384
20+ years
?
?
42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20
 Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis 193 male, 95 female 18 November 1800
784
17 years
3 decks, 3 masts
157’6” x 34’6”
64
 Thames

Whalers

Ship
Convicts
Date Sailed
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Age
Decks/
Masts
Dimensions
Crew
Where Built
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann 150 female 16 February 1791
298
19 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’6” x 26’10”
18/5 (pass)
 France
17. Salamander (1) 160 male 27 March 1791
319
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
18/6 (pass)
 Thames
18. William and Ann 188 male 27 March 1791
376
32 years
2 decks, 3 masts
108’9” x 27’ 3”
17/5 (pass)
 Thames
22. Britannia (1) 150 male 27 March 1791
301
8 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
15/5 (pass)
 Bridport, SW
23. Matilda 230 male 27 March 1791
459
12 years
3 decks, 3 masts
124’9” x 30’
20/6 (pass)
25
 France
32. William Stores 20 September 1793
302
23 years
2 decks, 3 masts
98’8” x 27’8”
17/5 (pass)
c.20
 France
34. Speedy (1) Stores 26 December 1793
313
14 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/16 (pass)
 Thames
35. Resolution Stores Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794
317
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
109’8” x 27’4”
6/17 (pass)
[30 men in 1798 LoM]
 Liverpool
36. Salamander (2) Stores 20 March 1794
319
18 years
2 decks, 3 masts
99’8” x 27’
6/18 (pass)
30
 Thames
50. Britannia (4) 96 females 17 February 1798
301
15 years
2 decks, 3 masts
100’ x 27’4”
5/15 (pass)
25 (LoM)
24
 Bridport, SW
51. Hillsborough 300 male Sailed 20 December 1798
781
15 years
3 decks, 3 masts
155’ x 35’
19/57 (pass)
75 (LoM)
 Thames
52. Albion Stores About 14 March 1799
362
New
2 decks, 3 masts
108’6” x 27’8”
7/19 (pass)
 Thames
53. Walker Stores 18 June 1799
357
1 year
2 decks, 3 masts
110’6” x 27’2”
7/21 (pass)
25 or 28 (LoM)
 Thames
56. Speedy (2) 53 female Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799
313
20 years
3 decks, 3 masts
109’9” x 27’2”
6/17 (pass)
24
 Thames

Age

Age of Botany Baymen.png

Of the 59 ships in the sample, 20 (33%) were less than five years old, 13 (22%) were 6-10 years, 12 (20%) were 11-15, 8 (14%) were 16-20 and 6 (10%) were 21 years or more. They had an average age of 10.8 years. Seven of the First Fleet ships were less than 5 years old, while the other two were 6 years old.

There does not appear to have been any discrimination on the basis of age in selecting convict transports and storeships. Indeed, the average age of the transports was somewhat greater (12.1 for transports, 7.9 for storeships). On the other hand, ships taken up by the East India Company were slightly younger than average (10.0), while the whalers were significantly older (14.9).

The average age of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 1.8 years, while the Second Fleet was 12.7 and the Third Fleet, 16 years.

Tonnage

The average tonnage was 441 tons. However, this included a small number of very large ships. Excluding the 10 largest ships, the average was 375 tons.

The ten largest ships (taking each voyage as a separate ship) were – Royal Admiral 923 (2) and 914 (2); Neptune, 799; Barwell, 796; Earl Cornwallis, 784; Hillsborough, 781; Pitt, 775; Marquis Cornwallis (1) & (2), 654; Ganges (600).

The five smallest were: Friendship (1), 278; Prince of Wales (2), 279; Britannia (2), 296; Mary Ann, 298; Britannia (1), 301.

Four (7%) ships were less than 300 tons; 28 (47%) were 301-400 tons; 14 (24%) were 401-500 tons; 4 (7%) were 501-600 tons and 9 (16%) were 601 tons or more. Three ships of more than 600 tons were employed in 1790-1792, at the time that the Navy Board were attempting to use East Indiamen. With this exception, the use of larger ships (600+ tons) does not emerge until the end of our period – 1795.

The average tonnage of the convict ships was 481 tons. That of the storeships was 364 tons. The ships taken up by the East India Company was 493 tons, and the whalers was 366 tons.

Two of the three very large ships used in the early period – the Neptune and the Pitt – resulted in some of the worst outcomes.

The average of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 355 tons, on the Second Fleet, 543 tons (although heavily skewed by the Neptune) and the Third Fleet, 396 tons.

Tonnage of Botany Baymen.png

Size

We are presently missing the measurement details of 9 of the 58 ships. Of the remaining 49, the average length was a little more than 118 feet. Leaving out the big ships (there were nine, since we are lacking the details of one), the average length was 110’4”.


Decks and Masts: The Botany Bayman was typically of two decks and three masts.


Where Built

No.
% of total
Thames
22
37%
North East
14
24%
North West
2
3%
South East
3
5%
South West
2
3%
France/Spain
7
12%
India
6
10%
Portugal
1
2%
USA
1
2%
Wales
1
2%

Crew Numbers

Convict Ships

Ship
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Crew
Est. Crew
Crew per Ton
First Fleet
1. Alexander
444
19/6 (Pass)
25
5.6
2. Lady Penhryn
322
19/6 (Pass)
25
7.8
3. Scarborough (1)
429
27/8 (Pass)
35
8.1
4. Friendship
278
13/4 (Pass)
17
6.1
5. Charlotte
338
23/7 (Pass)
30
8.9
6. Prince of Wales
318
17/5 (Pass)
22
6.9
10. Lady Juliana
401
21/7 (pass)
28
7.0
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)
402
30/10 (pass)
40
10.0
12. Neptune
799
27/9 (pass)
30
3.8
13. Scarborough (2)
429
26/8 (pass)
42
9.8
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann
298
18/5 (pass)
23
7.7
16. Atlantic
422
20/6 (pass)
34 men in 1796 LoM
26
6.2
17. Salamander (1)
319
18/6 (pass)
24
7.5
18. William and Ann
376
17/5 (pass)
22
5.9
19. Active
350
15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)
20
5.7
20. Albemarle
520
42/13 (pass)
55
10.6
21. Admiral Barrington
527
45/15 (pass)
60
11.4
22. Britannia (1)
301
15/5 (pass)
20
6.6
23. Matilda
459
20/6 (pass)
25
26
5.7
24. Queen
387
20/6 (pass)
25 (LoM on return)
26
6.7
25. Pitt
775
53/17 (pass)
70 (LoM)
60
7.7
27. Royal Admiral (1)
914
83/27 (pass)
95
110
12.0
30. Boddington
331
18/6 (pass)
21 plus 3 boys?
22
6.6
31. Sugar Cane
373
34-40
37
9.9
37. Surprize (2)
402
7/19 (pass)
c.25 plus boys
(LoM – 24)
26
6.5
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1)
654
47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)
47
7.2
42. Indispensable (2)
351
20 or 46 on return including working passengers
20
5.7
45. Ganges
600
80 (LoM)
80
13.3
46. Britannia (3)
500
60 (LoM) (15/45 pass);
32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans
60
12.0
47. Lady Shore
482
35 (LoM)
35
7.3
48. Barwell
796
25/75 (1795 pass)
99?
100
12.6
50. Britannia (4)
301
5/15 (pass)
25 (LoM)
24
20
6.6
51. Hillsborough
781
19/57 (pass)
75 (LoM)
76
9.7
54. Minerva
558
42;
9/27 (pass);
25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return
36
6.5
55. Friendship (2)
430
7/18 (pass)
50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)
25
5.8
56. Speedy (2)
313
6/17 (pass)
24
23
7.3
57. Royal Admiral (2)
923
20/56 (pass)
76 (LoM)
76
8.2
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)
384
42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20
42
10.9
59. Earl Cornwallis
784
64
64
8.2

Storeships

Ship
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Crew
Est. Crew
Crew per Ton
First Fleet
7. Fishburn
349
17 (Pass)
17
4.9
8. Borrowdale
263
13/4 (Pass)
17
6.5
9. Golden Grove
321
15/5 (Pass)
20
6.2
Second Fleet
14. Justinian
379
27/9 (pass)
32
8.4
26. Britannia (2)
296
18/5 (pass)
27 (LoM)
23
7.8
28. Kitty
359
18/6 (pass)
22, including 4 boys on her return
24
6.7
29. Bellona
472
27/9 (pass)
30
36
7.6
32. William
302
17/5 (pass)
c.20
22
7.3
33. Indispensable (1)
351
6/19 (pass)
20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)
25
7.1
34. Speedy (1)
313
6/16 (pass)
22
7.0
35. Resolution
317
6/17 (pass)
[30 men in 1798 LoM]
23
7.3
36. Salamander (2)
319
6/18 (pass)
30
24
7.5
38. Young William
443
10/30 (pass)
32 men and 9 boys for EIC
40
9.0
39. Sovereign
357
24 (and in LOM)
6/18 (pass)
24
6.7
40. Ceres
455
10/30 (pass)
40
8.8
43. Prince of Wales (2)
279
7/19 (pass)
26
9.4
44. Sylph
328
28. Register of passes – 8/22.
But 20 on the way home?
30
9.1
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2)
654
47
47
7.2
52. Albion
362
7/19 (pass)
26
7.2
53. Walker
357
7/21 (pass)
25 or 28 (LoM)
28
7.8

East India Ships

Ship
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Crew
Est. Crew
Crew to Ton
First Fleet
2. Lady Penhryn
322
19/6 (Pass)
25
7.8
3. Scarborough (1)
429
27/8 (Pass)
35
8.2
5. Charlotte
338
23/7 (Pass)
30
8.9
10. Lady Juliana
401
21/7 (pass)
28
7.0
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)
402
30/10 (pass)
40
10.0
12. Neptune
799
27/9 (pass)
36
4.5
13. Scarborough (2)
429
26/8 (pass)
34
7.9
14. Justinian
379
27/9 (pass)
36
9.5
25. Pitt
775
53/17 (pass)
70 (LoM)
70
9.0
27. Royal Admiral (1)
914
83/27 (pass)
95
110
12.0
29. Bellona
472
27/9 (pass)
30
36
7.7
30. Boddington
331
18/6 (pass)
21 plus 3 boys?
24
7.3
31. Sugar Cane
373
34-40
37
9.9
33. Indispensable (1)
351
6/19 (pass)
20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)
25
7.1
37. Surprize (2)
402
7/19 (pass)
c.25 plus boys
(LoM – 24)
26
6.5
38. Young William
443
10/30 (pass)
32 men and 9 boys for EIC
40
9.0
39. Sovereign
357
24 (and in LOM)
6/18 (pass)
24
6.7
40. Ceres
455
10/30 (pass)
40
8.8
42. Indispensable (2)
351
20 or 46 on return including working passengers
20
5.7
43. Prince of Wales (2)
279
7/19 (pass)
26
9.3
44. Sylph
328
28. Register of passes – 8/22.
But 20 on the way home?
30
9.1
45. Ganges
600
80 (LoM)
80
13.3
46. Britannia (3)
500
60 (LoM) (15/45 pass);
32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans
60
12.0
47. Lady Shore
482
35 (LoM)
35
7.3
48. Barwell
796
25/75 (1795 pass)
99?
100
12.6
54. Minerva
558
42;
9/27 (pass);
25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return
36
6.5
55. Friendship (2)
430
7/18 (pass)
50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)
25
5.8
57. Royal Admiral (2)
923
20/56 (pass)
76 (LoM)
76
8.2
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)
384
42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20
42
10.9
59. Earl Cornwallis
784
64
64
8.2

Whalers

Ship
Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)
Crew
Est. Crew
Crew per Ton
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann
298
18/5 (pass)
23
7.7
17. Salamander (1)
319
18/6 (pass)
24
7.5
18. William and Ann
376
17/5 (pass)
22
5.9
22. Britannia (1)
301
15/5 (pass)
20
6.6
23. Matilda
459
20/6 (pass)
25
26
5.7
32. William
302
17/5 (pass)
c.20
22
7.3
34. Speedy (1)
313
6/16 (pass)
22
7.0
35. Resolution
317
6/17 (pass)
[30 men in 1798 LoM]
23
7.3
36. Salamander (2)
319
6/18 (pass)
30
24
7.5
50. Britannia (4)
301
5/15 (pass)
25 (LoM)
24
20
6.6
51. Hillsborough
781
19/57 (pass)
75 (LoM)
75
9.6
52. Albion
362
7/19 (pass)
26
7.2
53. Walker
357
7/21 (pass)
25 or 28 (LoM)
28
7.8
56. Speedy (2)
313
6/17 (pass)
24
23
7.3

These numbers are not sufficiently accurate to be able to rely on them with any confidence, however, it is worth looking at some broad patterns:

The average for the convict transports was 8.0 men per ton. For storeships – 7.5. For East India ships – 8.6. For whalers – 7.2.


  1. ↑
    She was described in 1799 as an old ship, which I have taken to mean more than 20 years.
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