Botany Baymen

Botany Baymen - Profile

Ship	Convicts	Date Sailed	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Age	Decks/ Masts	Dimensions	Crew	Where Built
First Fleet
1. Alexander	195 male	13 May 1787	452	3 years	2 decks, 3 masts	114’4” x 31’	19/6 (Pass) 33 (List of the sick in Macassar Strait) 27 (Banks) 27 (G’wich 6d)	Hull NE
2. Lady Penrhyn	101 female	13 May 1787	322	New	2 decks, 3 masts	103’9” x 27’5”	19/6 (Pass) 20 – Botany Bay & 30 - China (G’wich 6d)	Thames
3. Scarborough (1)	208 male	13 May 1787	411	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2”	27/8 (Pass) 25 – Botany Bay & 23 - India (G’wich 6d)	Scarborough NE
4. Friendship	76 male, 21 female	13 May 1787	278	2 years	2 decks, 2 masts	? (abt.90’ x 25’)	13/4 (Pass) 15 (Macassar Strait) 17 (G’wich 6d)	Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte	88 male, 20 female	13 May 1787	338	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’ x 28’3”	23/7 (Pass) 11 – Botany Bay & 28 - India (G’wich 6d)	Thames
6. Prince of Wales	1 male, 49 female	13 May 1787	318	New	2 decks, 3 masts	103’ x 29’3”	17/5 (Pass) 20 (G’wich 6d)	Thames
7. Fishburn	Stores	13 May 1787	349	6 years	?	?	17 (Pass) 17 (Log on 20.10.88) 28 (VOC at CGH) 22 (G’wich 6d)	Whitby NE
8. Borrowdale	Stores	13 May 1787	263	1 year	?	?	13/4 (Pass) 17 (G’wich 6d) 24 (VOC at CGH)	Sunderland NE
9. Golden Grove	Stores	13 May 1787	321	6 years	3	?	15/5 (Pass) 27 (VOC at CGH) 20 (G’wich 6d)	Whitby NE
Sirius	NA	13 May 1787
Supply	NA	13 May 1787
10. Lady Juliana	226 female	Plymouth – 29 July 1789	401	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’ x 29’3” Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4” Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”	21/7 (pass) 32 – Botany Bay 30 – China (G’wich 6d)	Whitby NE
Guardian	25 male	8 September 1789
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)	256 male	17 January 1790	402	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’ Measurage - 72’8” x 27’	30/10 (pass) 25 (G’wich 6d)	Shoreham SE
12. Neptune	424 male 78 female	17 January 1790	799	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	156’3” x 36’ Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”	27/9 (pass) 48 – To China 65 – China (Greenwich 6d)	Thames
13. Scarborough (2)	259 male	17 January 1790	429	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2” Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”	26/8 (pass) 28 – Botany Bay 34 – China (G’wich 6d)	Scarborough NE
14. Justinian	Stores	17 January 1790	379	3 years	3 decks, 3 masts	118’8” x 29’ Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”	27/9 (pass) 36 - China (G’wich 6d)	Thames
Gorgon	NA	15 March 1791
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann	150 female	16 February 1791	298	19 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’6” x 26’10”	18/5 (pass)	France
16. Atlantic	220 male	27 March 1791	422	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	114’8” x 30’6”	20/6 (pass) 34 men in 1796 LoM	Swansea
17. Salamander (1)	160 male	27 March 1791	319	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	18/6 (pass)	Thames
18. William and Ann	188 male	27 March 1791	376	32 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’9” x 27’ 3”	17/5 (pass)	Thames
19. Active	175 male	27 March 1791	350	27 years	?	?	15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)	Shoreham SE
20. Albemarle	282 male	27 March 1791	520	12 years	3 decks, 3 masts	131’6” x 31’8”	42/13 (pass)	France
21. Admiral Barrington	300 male	27 March 1791	527	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	128’ x 32’6”	45/15 (pass)	France
22. Britannia (1)	150 male	27 March 1791	301	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	15/5 (pass)	Bridport, SW
23. Matilda	230 male	27 March 1791	459	12 years	3 decks, 3 masts	124’9” x 30’	20/6 (pass) 25	France
24. Queen	133 male, 22 female	16 April 1791	387	18 years	3 decks, 3 masts	112’4” x 30’3”	20/6 (pass) 25 (LoM on return)	Georgia, USA
25. Pitt	352 male, 58 female	17 July 1791	775	11 years	3 decks, 3 masts	152’ x 35’2”	53/17 (pass) 70 (LoM)	Thames
26. Britannia (2)	Stores	15 Feb 1792	296	9 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’5” x 26’11”	18/5 (pass) 27 (LoM)	Sunderland, NE
27. Royal Admiral (1)	299 male, 49 female	25 May 1792	914	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’4” Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	83/27 (pass) 95	Thames
28. Kitty	10 male, 30 female	6 April 1792	359	5 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’ x 28’2”	18/6 (pass) 22, including 4 boys on her return	Sunderland NE
29. Bellona	17 female	8 August 1792	472	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	122’6” x 31’	27/9 (pass) 30	Thames
30. Boddington	125 male, 20 female	Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793	331	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’8” x 27’8”	18/6 (pass) 21 plus 3 boys?	Thames
31. Sugar Cane	110 male, 50 female	Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793	373	7 years	3 decks, 3 masts	115’ x 28’9”	34-40	Thames
32. William	Stores	20 September 1793	302	23 years	2 decks, 3 masts	98’8” x 27’8”	17/5 (pass) c.20	France
33. Indispensable (1)	Stores	Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793	351	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”	6/19 (pass) 20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)	France
34. Speedy (1)	Stores	26 December 1793	313	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/16 (pass)	Thames
35. Resolution	Stores	Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794	317	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’8” x 27’4”	6/17 (pass) [30 men in 1798 LoM]	Liverpool
36. Salamander (2)	Stores	20 March 1794	319	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	6/18 (pass) 30	Thames
37. Surprize (2)	23 male, 60 female	Sailed – 2 May 1794	402	24 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’	7/19 (pass) c.25 plus boys (LoM – 24)	Shoreham, SE
38. Young William	Stores	Sailed - 25 May 1795	443	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	113’ x 30’10” Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”	10/30 (pass) 32 men and 9 boys for EIC	Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign	Stores	From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795	357	20 years	?	?	24 (and in LOM) 6/18 (pass)	Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres	Stores	9 August 1795	455	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	111’ x 31’5” Measurage – 74’5” x 28’	32 men, 10 boys (protection from impress) 10/30 (pass)	Whitby, NE
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1)	163 male, 70 female	7 August 1795	654	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	136’6” x 34’6”	40 men, 10 boys (ADM1/3730/176) 47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)	Calcutta
42. Indispensable (2)	133 female	Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795	351	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’5” x 27’	20 or 46 on return including working passengers	France
43. Prince of Wales (2)	Stores	Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796	279	7 years	?	Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”	7/19 (pass)	Hull, NE
44. Sylph	Stores	Sailed - 27 June 1796	328	5 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’2” x 27’10” Measurage – 70’3” x 24’	28. Register of passes – 8/22. But 20 on the way home?	Whitby, NE
45. Ganges	203 male	Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796	600	4 years	?	?	80 (LoM)	India
46. Britannia (3)	144 male, 44 female	10 December 1796	500	22 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 33’4” Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”	60 (LoM) (15/45 pass); 32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans	Bombay
47. Lady Shore	2 male, 66 female	8 June 1797	482	3 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’9” x 32’5”	35 (LoM)	Calcutta
48. Barwell	296 male	Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797	796	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’3” x 34’10”	25/75 (1795 pass) 99?	Thames
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2)	Stores	17 February 1798	654	7 years	2 decks, 3 masts	136’6” x 34’6”	47	Calcutta
50. Britannia (4)	96 females	17 February 1798	301	15 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	5/15 (pass) 25 (LoM) 24	Bridport, SW
HMS Buffalo	NA	9 June 1798
51. Hillsborough	300 male	Sailed 20 December 1798	781	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	155’ x 35’	19/57 (pass) 75 (LoM) 72 (Noah)	Thames
52. Albion	Stores	About 14 March 1799	362	New	2 decks, 3 masts	108’6” x 27’8”	7/19 (pass)	Thames
53. Walker	Stores	18 June 1799	357	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	110’6” x 27’2”	7/21 (pass) 25 or 28 (LoM)	Thames
54. Minerva	165 male, 26 female	Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799	558	13+ years	2 decks, 3 masts	118’6” x 33’5”	42; 9/27 (pass); 25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return	Bombay
55. Friendship (2)	133 male	24 August 1799	430	6 years	3 decks, 3 masts	120’6” x 28’6”	7/18 (pass) 50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)	Thames
56. Speedy (2)	53 female	Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799	313	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/17 (pass) 24	Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2)	300 male	Sailed - 23 May 1800	923	23 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’6” Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	20/56 (pass) 76 (LoM)	Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)	147 male, 24 female	Left Cork – 26 June 1800	384	20+ years	?	?	42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20	Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis	193 male, 95 female	18 November 1800	784	17 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’6” x 34’6”	64	Thames

Measurage was undertaken in Canton for the purposes of assessing port charges etc. It was measured in coveds, which appear to have equated to around 14.1 inches (resulting in 1.175 feet to the coved). However, it appears that the inside capacity of the ship was measured and not its outer dimensions, and of course, the ratios of internal to external measurement differed from ship to ship. Based on the Neptune, the ratio was 1.17:1 and 1.13:1 (length and breadth), however, the Scarborough was 1.37 and 1.2 and the Justinian 1.23 and 1.11. Thus it is not possible to reliably convert from measurage to the external dimensions of the ships.

Convict Transports (ships with fewer than 50 convicts treated as a storeship)

Ship	Convicts	Date Sailed	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Age	Decks/ Masts	Dimensions	Crew	Where Built
First Fleet
1. Alexander	195 male	13 May 1787	444	3 years	2 decks, 3 masts	114’4” x 31’	19/6 (Pass)	Hull NE
2. Lady Penrhyn	101 female	13 May 1787	322	New	2 decks, 3 masts	103’9” x 27’5”	19/6 (Pass)	Thames
3. Scarborough (1)	208 male	13 May 1787	429	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2”	27/8 (Pass)	Scarborough NE
4. Friendship	76 male, 21 female	13 May 1787	278	2 years	?	?	13/4 (Pass)	Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte	88 male, 20 female	13 May 1787	338	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’ x 28’3”	23/7 (Pass)	Thames
6. Prince of Wales	1 male, 49 female	13 May 1787	318	New	2 decks, 3 masts	103’ x 29’3”	17/5 (Pass)	Thames
10. Lady Juliana	226 female	Plymouth – 29 July 1789	401	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’ x 29’3” Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4” Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”	21/7 (pass)	Whitby NE
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)	256 male	17 January 1790	402	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’ Measurage - 72’8” x 27’	30/10 (pass)	Shoreham SE
12. Neptune	424 male 78 female	17 January 1790	799	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	156’3” x 36’ Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”	27/9 (pass)	Thames
13. Scarborough (2)	259 male	17 January 1790	429	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2” Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”	26/8 (pass)	Scarborough NE
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann	150 female	16 February 1791	298	19 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’6” x 26’10”	18/5 (pass)	France
16. Atlantic	220 male	27 March 1791	422	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	114’8” x 30’6”	20/6 (pass) 34 men in 1796 LoM	Swansea
17. Salamander (1)	160 male	27 March 1791	319	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	18/6 (pass)	Thames
18. William and Ann	188 male	27 March 1791	376	32 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’9” x 27’ 3”	17/5 (pass)	Thames
19. Active	175 male	27 March 1791	350	27 years	?	?	15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)	Shoreham SE
20. Albemarle	282 male	27 March 1791	520	12 years	3 decks, 3 masts	131’6” x 31’8”	42/13 (pass)	France
21. Admiral Barrington	300 male	27 March 1791	527	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	128’ x 32’6”	45/15 (pass)	France
22. Britannia (1)	150 male	27 March 1791	301	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	15/5 (pass)	Bridport, SW
23. Matilda	230 male	27 March 1791	459	12 years	3 decks, 3 masts	124’9” x 30’	20/6 (pass) 25	France
24. Queen	133 male, 22 female	16 April 1791	387	18 years	3 decks, 3 masts	112’4” x 30’3”	20/6 (pass) 25 (LoM on return)	Georgia, USA
25. Pitt	352 male, 58 female	17 July 1791	775	11 years	3 decks, 3 masts	152’ x 35’2”	53/17 (pass) 70 (LoM)	Thames
27. Royal Admiral (1)	299 male, 49 female	25 May 1792	914	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’4” Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	83/27 (pass) 95	Thames
30. Boddington	125 male, 20 female	Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793	331	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’8” x 27’8”	18/6 (pass) 21 plus 3 boys?	Thames
31. Sugar Cane	110 male, 50 female	Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793	373	7 years	3 decks, 3 masts	115’ x 28’9”	34-40	Thames
37. Surprize (2)	23 male, 60 female	Sailed – 2 May 1794	402	24 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’ Measurage - 72’8” x 27’	7/19 (pass) c.25 plus boys (LoM – 24)	Shoreham, SE
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1)	163 male, 70 female	7 August 1795	654	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	136’6” x 34’6”	47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)	Calcutta
42. Indispensable (2)	133 female	Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795	351	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’5” x 27’	20 or 46 on return including working passengers	France
45. Ganges	203 male	Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796	600	4 years	?	?	80 (LoM)	India
46. Britannia (3)	144 male, 44 female	10 December 1796	500	22 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 33’4” Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”	60 (LoM) (15/45 pass); 32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans	Bombay
47. Lady Shore	2 male, 66 female	8 June 1797	482	3 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’9” x 32’5”	35 (LoM)	Calcutta
48. Barwell	296 male	Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797	796	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’3” x 34’10”	25/75 (1795 pass) 99?	Thames
50. Britannia (4)	96 females	17 February 1798	301	15 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	5/15 (pass) 25 (LoM) 24	Bridport, SW
51. Hillsborough	300 male	Sailed 20 December 1798	781	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	155’ x 35’	19/57 (pass) 75 (LoM)	Thames
54. Minerva	165 male, 26 female	Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799	558	13+ years	2 decks, 3 masts	118’6” x 33’5”	42; 9/27 (pass); 25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return	Bombay
55. Friendship (2)	133 male	24 August 1799	430	6 years	3 decks, 3 masts	120’6” x 28’6”	7/18 (pass) 50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)	Thames
56. Speedy (2)	53 female	Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799	313	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/17 (pass) 24	Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2)	300 male	Sailed - 23 May 1800	923	23 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’6” Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	20/56 (pass) 76 (LoM)	Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)	147 male, 24 female	Left Cork – 26 June 1800	384	20+	?	?	42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20	Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis	193 male, 95 female	18 November 1800	784	17 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’6” x 34’6”	64	Thames

Storeships

Ship	Convicts	Date Sailed	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Age	Decks/ Masts	Dimensions	Crew	Where Built
First Fleet
7. Fishburn	Stores	13 May 1787	349	6 years	?	?	17 (Pass)	Whitby NE
8. Borrowdale	Stores	13 May 1787	263	1 year	?	?	13/4 (Pass)	Sunderland NE
9. Golden Grove	Stores	13 May 1787	321	6 years	3	?	15/5 (Pass)	Whitby NE
Second Fleet
14. Justinian	Stores	17 January 1790	379	3 years	3 decks, 3 masts	118’8” x 29’ Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”	27/9 (pass)	Thames
26. Britannia (2)	Stores	15 Feb 1792	296	9 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’5” x 26’11”	18/5 (pass) 27 (LoM)	Sunderland, NE
28. Kitty	10 male, 30 female	6 April 1792	359	5 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’ x 28’2”	18/6 (pass) 22, including 4 boys on her return	Sunderland NE
29. Bellona	17 female	8 August 1792	472	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	122’6” x 31’	27/9 (pass) 30	Thames
32. William	Stores	20 September 1793	302	23 years	2 decks, 3 masts	98’8” x 27’8”	17/5 (pass) c.20	France
33. Indispensable (1)	Stores	Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793	351	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”	6/19 (pass) 20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)	France
34. Speedy (1)	Stores	26 December 1793	313	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/16 (pass)	Thames
35. Resolution	Stores	Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794	317	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’8” x 27’4”	6/17 (pass) [30 men in 1798 LoM]	Liverpool
36. Salamander (2)	Stores	20 March 1794	319	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	6/18 (pass) 30	Thames
38. Young William	Stores	Sailed - 25 May 1795	443	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	113’ x 30’10” Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”	10/30 (pass) 32 men and 9 boys for EIC	Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign	Stores	From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795	357	20 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’ x 29’6”	24 (and in LOM) 6/18 (pass)	Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres	Stores	9 August 1795	455	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	111’ x 31’5” Measurage – 74’5” x 28’	10/30 (pass)	Whitby, NE
43. Prince of Wales (2)	Stores	Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796	279	7 years	?	Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”	7/19 (pass)	Hull, NE
44. Sylph	Stores	Sailed - 27 June 1796	328	5 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’2” x 27’10” Measurage – 70’3” x 24’	28. Register of passes – 8/22. But 20 on the way home?	Whitby, NE
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2)	Stores	17 February 1798	654	7 years	2 decks, 3 masts	136’6” x 34’6”	47	Calcutta
52. Albion	Stores	About 14 March 1799	362	New	2 decks, 3 masts	108’6” x 27’8”	7/19 (pass)	Thames
53. Walker	Stores	18 June 1799	357	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	110’6” x 27’2”	7/21 (pass) 25 or 28 (LoM)	Thames

East India Ships

Ship	Convicts	Date Sailed	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Age	Decks/ Masts	Dimensions	Crew	Where Built
First Fleet
2. Lady Penrhyn	101 female	13 May 1787	322	New	2 decks, 3 masts	103’9” x 27’5”	19/6 (Pass)	Thames
3. Scarborough (1)	208 male	13 May 1787	429	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2”	27/8 (Pass)	Scarborough NE
5. Charlotte	88 male, 20 female	13 May 1787	338	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’ x 28’3”	23/7 (Pass)	Thames
10. Lady Juliana	226 female	Plymouth – 29 July 1789	401	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’ x 29’3” Measurage – 74’3” x 26’4” Estimated – 101’9” x 30’3”	21/7 (pass)	Whitby NE
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)	256 male	17 January 1790	402	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’ Measurage - 72’8” x 27’	30/10 (pass)	Shoreham SE
12. Neptune	424 male 78 female	17 January 1790	799	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	156’3” x 36’ Measurage – 99’5” x 31’11”	27/9 (pass)	Thames
13. Scarborough (2)	259 male	17 January 1790	429	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 30’2” Measurage – 81’3” x 25’2”	26/8 (pass)	Scarborough NE
14. Justinian	Stores	17 January 1790	379	3 years	3 decks, 3 masts	118’8” x 29’ Measurage – 70’ x 25’11”	27/9 (pass)	Thames
25. Pitt	352 male, 58 female	17 July 1791	775	11 years	3 decks, 3 masts	152’ x 35’2”	53/17 (pass) 70 (LoM)	Thames
27. Royal Admiral (1)	299 male, 49 female	25 May 1792	914	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’4” Later Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	83/27 (pass) 95	Thames
29. Bellona	17 female	8 August 1792	472	10 years	3 decks, 3 masts	122’6” x 31’	27/9 (pass) 30	Thames
30. Boddington	125 male, 20 female	Sailed from Cork - 15 Feb 1793	331	12 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’8” x 27’8”	18/6 (pass) 21 plus 3 boys?	Thames
31. Sugar Cane	110 male, 50 female	Sailed from Cork - 13 April 1793	373	7 years	3 decks, 3 masts	115’ x 28’9”	34-40	Thames
33. Indispensable (1)	Stores	Sailed from the Downs – 24 Dec 1793	351	2 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’2” x 25’6”	6/19 (pass) 20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)	France
37. Surprize (2)	23 male, 60 female	Sailed – 2 May 1794	402	24 years	3 decks, 3 masts	116’ x 29’ Measurage - 72’8” x 27’	7/19 (pass) c.25 plus boys (LoM – 24)	Shoreham, SE
38. Young William	Stores	Sailed - 25 May 1795	443	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	113’ x 30’10” Measurage – 77’5” x 26’4”	10/30 (pass) 32 men and 9 boys for EIC	Whitby, NE
39. Sovereign	Stores	From St Helen’s - 25 May 1795	357	20 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’ x 29’6”	24 (and in LOM) 6/18 (pass)	Whitehaven, NW
40. Ceres	Stores	9 August 1795	455	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	111’ x 31’5” Measurage – 74’5” x 28’	10/30 (pass)	Whitby, NE
42. Indispensable (2)	133 female	Left Gravesend – 5 Nov 1795	351	4 years	2 decks, 3 masts	104’9” x 28’4” Measurage – 71’5” x 27’	20 or 46 on return including working passengers	France
43. Prince of Wales (2)	Stores	Ex Portsmouth – 27 June 1796	279	7 years	?	Measurage – 70’4” x 22’4”	7/19 (pass)	Hull, NE
44. Sylph	Stores	Sailed - 27 June 1796	328	5 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’2” x 27’10” Measurage – 70’3” x 24’	28. Register of passes – 8/22. But 20 on the way home?	Whitby, NE
45. Ganges	203 male	Sailed from Cork - 10 Dec 1796	600	4 years	?	?	80 (LoM)	India
46. Britannia (3)	144 male, 44 female	10 December 1796	500	22 years	2 decks, 3 masts	111’6” x 33’4” Measurage – 74’6” x 31’3”	60 (LoM) (15/45 pass); 32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans	Bombay
47. Lady Shore	2 male, 66 female	8 June 1797	482	3 years	2 decks, 3 masts	105’9” x 32’5”	35 (LoM)	Calcutta
48. Barwell	296 male	Sailed from Spithead - 6 November 1797	796	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’3” x 34’10”	25/75 (1795 pass) 99?	Thames
54. Minerva	165 male, 26 female	Sailed from Cork - 24 August 1799	558	13+ years	2 decks, 3 masts	118’6” x 33’5”	42; 9/27 (pass); 25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return	Bombay
55. Friendship (2)	133 male	24 August 1799	430	6 years	3 decks, 3 masts	120’6” x 28’6”	7/18 (pass) 50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)	Thames
57. Royal Admiral (2)	300 male	Sailed - 23 May 1800	923	23 years	3 decks, 3 masts	161’ x 37’6” Measurage – 104’ x 34’6”	20/56 (pass) 76 (LoM)	Thames
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)	147 male, 24 female	Left Cork – 26 June 1800	384	20+ years	?	?	42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20	Portuguese
59. Earl Cornwallis	193 male, 95 female	18 November 1800	784	17 years	3 decks, 3 masts	157’6” x 34’6”	64	Thames

Whalers

Ship	Convicts	Date Sailed	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Age	Decks/ Masts	Dimensions	Crew	Where Built
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann	150 female	16 February 1791	298	19 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’6” x 26’10”	18/5 (pass)	France
17. Salamander (1)	160 male	27 March 1791	319	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	18/6 (pass)	Thames
18. William and Ann	188 male	27 March 1791	376	32 years	2 decks, 3 masts	108’9” x 27’ 3”	17/5 (pass)	Thames
22. Britannia (1)	150 male	27 March 1791	301	8 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	15/5 (pass)	Bridport, SW
23. Matilda	230 male	27 March 1791	459	12 years	3 decks, 3 masts	124’9” x 30’	20/6 (pass) 25	France
32. William	Stores	20 September 1793	302	23 years	2 decks, 3 masts	98’8” x 27’8”	17/5 (pass) c.20	France
34. Speedy (1)	Stores	26 December 1793	313	14 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/16 (pass)	Thames
35. Resolution	Stores	Sailed from Portsmouth - 20 March 1794	317	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	109’8” x 27’4”	6/17 (pass) [30 men in 1798 LoM]	Liverpool
36. Salamander (2)	Stores	20 March 1794	319	18 years	2 decks, 3 masts	99’8” x 27’	6/18 (pass) 30	Thames
50. Britannia (4)	96 females	17 February 1798	301	15 years	2 decks, 3 masts	100’ x 27’4”	5/15 (pass) 25 (LoM) 24	Bridport, SW
51. Hillsborough	300 male	Sailed 20 December 1798	781	15 years	3 decks, 3 masts	155’ x 35’	19/57 (pass) 75 (LoM)	Thames
52. Albion	Stores	About 14 March 1799	362	New	2 decks, 3 masts	108’6” x 27’8”	7/19 (pass)	Thames
53. Walker	Stores	18 June 1799	357	1 year	2 decks, 3 masts	110’6” x 27’2”	7/21 (pass) 25 or 28 (LoM)	Thames
56. Speedy (2)	53 female	Sailed from Spithead - 21 Nov 1799	313	20 years	3 decks, 3 masts	109’9” x 27’2”	6/17 (pass) 24	Thames

1. Age

[[Image:]]

Of the 59 ships in the sample, 20 (33%) were less than five years old, 13 (22%) were 6-10 years, 12 (20%) were 11-15, 8 (14%) were 16-20 and 6 (10%) were 21 years or more. They had an average age of 10.8 years. Seven of the First Fleet ships were less than 5 years old, while the other two were 6 years old.

There does not appear to have been any discrimination on the basis of age in selecting convict transports and storeships. Indeed, the average age of the transports was somewhat greater (12.1 for transports, 7.9 for storeships). On the other hand, ships taken up by the East India Company were slightly younger than average (10.0), while the whalers were significantly older (14.9).

The average age of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 1.8 years, while the Second Fleet was 12.7 and the Third Fleet, 16 years.

2. Tonnage

The average tonnage was 441 tons. However, this included a small number of very large ships. Excluding the 10 largest ships, the average was 375 tons.

The ten largest ships (taking each voyage as a separate ship) were – Royal Admiral 923 (2) and 914 (2); Neptune, 799; Barwell, 796; Earl Cornwallis, 784; Hillsborough, 781; Pitt, 775; Marquis Cornwallis (1) & (2), 654; Ganges (600).

The five smallest were: Friendship (1), 278; Prince of Wales (2), 279; Britannia (2), 296; Mary Ann, 298; Britannia (1), 301.

Four (7%) ships were less than 300 tons; 28 (47%) were 301-400 tons; 14 (24%) were 401-500 tons; 4 (7%) were 501-600 tons and 9 (16%) were 601 tons or more. Three ships of more than 600 tons were employed in 1790-1792, at the time that the Navy Board were attempting to use East Indiamen. With this exception, the use of larger ships (600+ tons) does not emerge until the end of our period – 1795.

The average tonnage of the convict ships was 481 tons. That of the storeships was 364 tons. The ships taken up by the East India Company was 493 tons, and the whalers was 366 tons.

Two of the three very large ships used in the early period – the Neptune and the Pitt – resulted in some of the worst outcomes.

The average of the convict transports on the First Fleet was 355 tons, on the Second Fleet, 543 tons (although heavily skewed by the Neptune) and the Third Fleet, 396 tons.

[[Image:]]

Size

We are presently missing the measurement details of 9 of the 58 ships. Of the remaining 49, the average length was a little more than 118 feet. Leaving out the big ships (there were nine, since we are lacking the details of one), the average length was 110’4”.

Decks and Masts: The Botany Bayman was typically of two decks and three masts.

Where Built

	No.	% of total
Thames	22	37%
North East	14	24%
North West	2	3%
South East	3	5%
South West	2	3%
France/Spain	7	12%
India	6	10%
Portugal	1	2%
USA	1	2%
Wales	1	2%

Crew Numbers

Convict Ships

Ship	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Crew	Est. Crew	Crew per Ton
First Fleet
1. Alexander	444	19/6 (Pass)	25	5.6
2. Lady Penhryn	322	19/6 (Pass)	25	7.8
3. Scarborough (1)	429	27/8 (Pass)	35	8.1
4. Friendship	278	13/4 (Pass)	17	6.1
5. Charlotte	338	23/7 (Pass)	30	8.9
6. Prince of Wales	318	17/5 (Pass)	22	6.9
10. Lady Juliana	401	21/7 (pass)	28	7.0
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)	402	30/10 (pass)	40	10.0
12. Neptune	799	27/9 (pass)	30	3.8
13. Scarborough (2)	429	26/8 (pass)	42	9.8
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann	298	18/5 (pass)	23	7.7
16. Atlantic	422	20/6 (pass) 34 men in 1796 LoM	26	6.2
17. Salamander (1)	319	18/6 (pass)	24	7.5
18. William and Ann	376	17/5 (pass)	22	5.9
19. Active	350	15/5 (pass for an aborted slaving voyage)	20	5.7
20. Albemarle	520	42/13 (pass)	55	10.6
21. Admiral Barrington	527	45/15 (pass)	60	11.4
22. Britannia (1)	301	15/5 (pass)	20	6.6
23. Matilda	459	20/6 (pass) 25	26	5.7
24. Queen	387	20/6 (pass) 25 (LoM on return)	26	6.7
25. Pitt	775	53/17 (pass) 70 (LoM)	60	7.7
27. Royal Admiral (1)	914	83/27 (pass) 95	110	12.0
30. Boddington	331	18/6 (pass) 21 plus 3 boys?	22	6.6
31. Sugar Cane	373	34-40	37	9.9
37. Surprize (2)	402	7/19 (pass) c.25 plus boys (LoM – 24)	26	6.5
41. Marquis Cornwallis (1)	654	47, or 10 British, 10 foreigners (Pass)	47	7.2
42. Indispensable (2)	351	20 or 46 on return including working passengers	20	5.7
45. Ganges	600	80 (LoM)	80	13.3
46. Britannia (3)	500	60 (LoM) (15/45 pass); 32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans	60	12.0
47. Lady Shore	482	35 (LoM)	35	7.3
48. Barwell	796	25/75 (1795 pass) 99?	100	12.6
50. Britannia (4)	301	5/15 (pass) 25 (LoM) 24	20	6.6
51. Hillsborough	781	19/57 (pass) 75 (LoM)	76	9.7
54. Minerva	558	42; 9/27 (pass); 25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return	36	6.5
55. Friendship (2)	430	7/18 (pass) 50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)	25	5.8
56. Speedy (2)	313	6/17 (pass) 24	23	7.3
57. Royal Admiral (2)	923	20/56 (pass) 76 (LoM)	76	8.2
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)	384	42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20	42	10.9
59. Earl Cornwallis	784	64	64	8.2

Storeships

Ship	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Crew	Est. Crew	Crew per Ton
First Fleet
7. Fishburn	349	17 (Pass)	17	4.9
8. Borrowdale	263	13/4 (Pass)	17	6.5
9. Golden Grove	321	15/5 (Pass)	20	6.2
Second Fleet
14. Justinian	379	27/9 (pass)	32	8.4
26. Britannia (2)	296	18/5 (pass) 27 (LoM)	23	7.8
28. Kitty	359	18/6 (pass) 22, including 4 boys on her return	24	6.7
29. Bellona	472	27/9 (pass) 30	36	7.6
32. William	302	17/5 (pass) c.20	22	7.3
33. Indispensable (1)	351	6/19 (pass) 20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)	25	7.1
34. Speedy (1)	313	6/16 (pass)	22	7.0
35. Resolution	317	6/17 (pass) [30 men in 1798 LoM]	23	7.3
36. Salamander (2)	319	6/18 (pass) 30	24	7.5
38. Young William	443	10/30 (pass) 32 men and 9 boys for EIC	40	9.0
39. Sovereign	357	24 (and in LOM) 6/18 (pass)	24	6.7
40. Ceres	455	10/30 (pass)	40	8.8
43. Prince of Wales (2)	279	7/19 (pass)	26	9.4
44. Sylph	328	28. Register of passes – 8/22. But 20 on the way home?	30	9.1
49. Marquis Cornwallis (2)	654	47	47	7.2
52. Albion	362	7/19 (pass)	26	7.2
53. Walker	357	7/21 (pass) 25 or 28 (LoM)	28	7.8

East India Ships

Ship	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Crew	Est. Crew	Crew to Ton
First Fleet
2. Lady Penhryn	322	19/6 (Pass)	25	7.8
3. Scarborough (1)	429	27/8 (Pass)	35	8.2
5. Charlotte	338	23/7 (Pass)	30	8.9
10. Lady Juliana	401	21/7 (pass)	28	7.0
Second Fleet
11. Surprize (1)	402	30/10 (pass)	40	10.0
12. Neptune	799	27/9 (pass)	36	4.5
13. Scarborough (2)	429	26/8 (pass)	34	7.9
14. Justinian	379	27/9 (pass)	36	9.5
25. Pitt	775	53/17 (pass) 70 (LoM)	70	9.0
27. Royal Admiral (1)	914	83/27 (pass) 95	110	12.0
29. Bellona	472	27/9 (pass) 30	36	7.7
30. Boddington	331	18/6 (pass) 21 plus 3 boys?	24	7.3
31. Sugar Cane	373	34-40	37	9.9
33. Indispensable (1)	351	6/19 (pass) 20, or 35 for EIC; (20 in LoM)	25	7.1
37. Surprize (2)	402	7/19 (pass) c.25 plus boys (LoM – 24)	26	6.5
38. Young William	443	10/30 (pass) 32 men and 9 boys for EIC	40	9.0
39. Sovereign	357	24 (and in LOM) 6/18 (pass)	24	6.7
40. Ceres	455	10/30 (pass)	40	8.8
42. Indispensable (2)	351	20 or 46 on return including working passengers	20	5.7
43. Prince of Wales (2)	279	7/19 (pass)	26	9.3
44. Sylph	328	28. Register of passes – 8/22. But 20 on the way home?	30	9.1
45. Ganges	600	80 (LoM)	80	13.3
46. Britannia (3)	500	60 (LoM) (15/45 pass); 32 Europeans & a large number of non-Europeans	60	12.0
47. Lady Shore	482	35 (LoM)	35	7.3
48. Barwell	796	25/75 (1795 pass) 99?	100	12.6
54. Minerva	558	42; 9/27 (pass); 25 Europeans & 39 lascars on her return	36	6.5
55. Friendship (2)	430	7/18 (pass) 50 (only 24 mentioned in LoM)	25	5.8
57. Royal Admiral (2)	923	20/56 (pass) 76 (LoM)	76	8.2
58. Ann (Luz St Anna)	384	42; 38 lascars, 13 seamen, 1 boy; or 24 crew, 1 boy and guard of 20	42	10.9
59. Earl Cornwallis	784	64	64	8.2

Whalers

Ship	Burthen (as close to sailing as possible)	Crew	Est. Crew	Crew per Ton
Third Fleet
15. Mary Ann	298	18/5 (pass)	23	7.7
17. Salamander (1)	319	18/6 (pass)	24	7.5
18. William and Ann	376	17/5 (pass)	22	5.9
22. Britannia (1)	301	15/5 (pass)	20	6.6
23. Matilda	459	20/6 (pass) 25	26	5.7
32. William	302	17/5 (pass) c.20	22	7.3
34. Speedy (1)	313	6/16 (pass)	22	7.0
35. Resolution	317	6/17 (pass) [30 men in 1798 LoM]	23	7.3
36. Salamander (2)	319	6/18 (pass) 30	24	7.5
50. Britannia (4)	301	5/15 (pass) 25 (LoM) 24	20	6.6
51. Hillsborough	781	19/57 (pass) 75 (LoM)	75	9.6
52. Albion	362	7/19 (pass)	26	7.2
53. Walker	357	7/21 (pass) 25 or 28 (LoM)	28	7.8
56. Speedy (2)	313	6/17 (pass) 24	23	7.3

These numbers are not sufficiently accurate to be able to rely on them with any confidence, however, it is worth looking at some broad patterns:

The average for the convict transports was 8.0 men per ton. For storeships – 7.5. For East India ships – 8.6. For whalers – 7.2.

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